Quartz lamp.



F. G. KEYES.

QUARTZ LAMP.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1 0, 1913- latentedSept 12, 1916 rlwmron WIN/E8858 mom/ FREDERICK G. KEYES, 0F BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO CQOPER HEWITT ELECTRIC COMPANY, OF HOBOKEN. NEW JERSEY, A. CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

QUARTZ LAMP.

Specification of Letters Patent,

Patented ScptQ3l2, 1916.

To all Whom it may concern Ile it known that I, FREDERIGKG. KEYES, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Boston, county of Sufiolk, State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful, Improvements in Quartz Lamps, of which the following is a specification.

Various constructions have been proposed for mercury vapor lamps operating at high temperatures or pressures, usually requiring the use of a transparent tube or container having a high resistance, to heat and exemplified by quartz or by suchl kinds of glass or combinations of glass-and quartz as approach in this respect the qualities of quartz. Such lamps are here comprised under file term quartz lamps and my invention relates to improvements in this type of apparatus. Ithas been customary in the, manufacture of such lamps heretofore to provide ananode, usually of mercury, more or less freely exposed to the interior of the tube throughout a considerable extent of surface, While the cathode has been contained in a chamber-having a somewhat narrowed opening into the main lamp tube whereby the point at which current shall proceed from the cathode is localized within comparatively narrow limits. At the same time, the mercury or other vaporizable ma terial constituting. the electrodes has been provided with means for automatically maintaining, the proper distribution of the electrode material between the electrodesduring normal operation, without the physical transfer of electrode material in liquid form from one electrode to the other. It is a matter of importance in the construction of lamps of this class to reduce to the lowest possible safe limits the amount of quartz entering into the lamp construction, quartz being an expensive material. It is also important to reduce the necessary manipulation of the quartz, since the handling thereof and building up of various parts requires successive treatments from a source of heat, such as the oxy-Blau-gas flame.

This again tends to reduce the cost of manufacture by a considerable item.

I have devised means for localizing the passage of current out of thecathode, Where the cathode spot is produced, and at the same time I produce a lamp requiring considerably less material in .the containing body and a smaller amount of treatment by the oXy-Blau-gas flame or other source of heat.

My invention will be understood by relerence to the accompanying drawings in which- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a lamp embodying my invention and, Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same lamp.

Referring to the drawing, 1 is a lighttra-nsparent tube forming the main body of the tube or container; 2 is a mercury anode, and 3 a mercury cathode, while 4: is a condensing chamber for the. anode, and 5' a cooling chamber for the cathode. Suitable seals, 6, 6, here represented merely as types of efficient seals, 'are provided with platinum leads, 7 and 8, passing, respectively, to

the anode 2 and the cathodei-l.

The anode end of the apparatus shown exhibits no features of special novelty, but

the opposite end containing the cathode is novel in certain respects. At this, end-of the lamp, the tube, his joined to a trans-- ceedingly high temperature is developed at and near the point where the .current flow from the cathode takes place and it has heretofore been customary to reinforce'the end of the lighting portion of the quartz tube by building it up by sue'essivetreatments in the process of manu acture Instead of doing this, I provide as a part of the said light-giving tube a disk, 10, of quartz, sealing off one end of the tube, except at an opening, 11 (usually centrally locatcd), having a boss, 12; as shown in the drawings.

By virtue of this construction, the cathooe spot is developed at the surtaceut the enercury within the opening l and in practice l have found that the (lUllStllHllOll is cil'cctbre for the purposes intended and that the cost of material and cost of manufacture have been materially reduced in the production of the lamp. The boss 12 combined with the opening 13. constitutes what is practically a tube within one end of'which the mercury comes heated'maybe governed and thus the capacity of said tubular portion for conducting heat to the mercury may be varied. In general, a rather heavy wall is desirable at this point.

By the use of the perforated disk construction, 10 and 11, supplemented by the boss 12, sufficient freedom is given to the movements of the cathode mercury in the tube formed by the boss and its perforation to permit a crowding back of the mercury or a forward movement thereof until, as the level of the active electrode 3 becomes more or less remote from intimate contact with the cooling power of the cathode chamber its temperature will become higher or lower as the case may be with the consequent adjustment of the evaporatlon of the mercury to compensate for an excessive or defective cooling capacity of the cathode chamber so that there is no further gain or loss of mercury at the cathode.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a vapor electric, apparatus, a tubu- 1a,r portion of quartz providing a vapor'path and terminating at one end in a cooling chamber, a cathode in said chamber, a transverse partition separating the end of the tube from the chamber, the said partition being provided with an opening having a reinforced edge perforation.

2; ln a vapor electric apparatus, a tubular portion of quartz providing a vapor 'from the chamber, the said partition being provided with an opening, and a boss has ing a thick wall surrounding the said opening. 7

4c. In a vapor electric apparatus, a tubular port-ion providing a vapor path and terminating at one end in a cooling chamber, a cathode in said chamber, and a transverse partition between the tube and the chamber, the said partition being provided with an opening, and a boss surrounding said open- In a vapor electric apparatus, a tubular portion providing a vapor path and terminating at one end in a cooling chamber, a cathode in said chamben'and a partition be tween the tube and the chamber, the saidv partition being provided with an openin and a boss surrounding said opening, the outer edge of the boss being exposed to the cooling influence of the cathode material, and the inner end thereof being open to the interior of the tube.

6. In a vapor electric apparatus, a tubular portion of quartz providing a vapor path and terminating at one end in a cooling chamber, a cathode in said chamber, a transverse partition dividing the end of the tube from the chamber, the-said partition being provided With an opening and beii'ig reentrant in the direction of the anode.

7. In a vapor electric apparatus, a tubular portion providing a vapor path and terminating atone end in a cooling chan'ibe'r, a cathodein said chamber, and a transverse partition integral with the tubular portion between the tube and the chamber, the said partition, being provided with an opening and being reentrant 1n the direct on of theanode. Signed at New York in the county of New York and State of New York this'7th day of. February, A. D. 19.13. r

FREDERICK G. KEYES. Witnesses Gsonon H. S'roonnigioon, Tries, H; BROWN. 

